APC and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: The prevalence of the relatively unexplored bacterium Turicibacter was notably reduced in the gastrointestinal microbiota of C57BL/6 mice and APC+/1,638 N mice with high-fat diet-induced obesity; this reduction in the abundance of Turicibacter was associated with heightened levels of inflammation and activation of the Wnt-signaling pathway (Liu et al., 2016; Guo et al., 2017).