Some studies have found that exosomes extracted from NK after co-culture with K562 cells can upregulate the expression of caspase three and p53 genes in tumor cells apoptotic signaling pathway to exert anti-tumor activity and exert rapid cytotoxic activity on target cells, which is more effective than intact NK (Mohammadi et al., 2022). The gene discussed is TP53; the disease is neoplasm.