Several cell surface markers including interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor accessory protein (IL1RAP), T-cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 (TIM3), CD123, CD47, CD99 and so on, have been identified to differentiate MDS HSPCs from healthy counterparts [8, 10–13]. Here, HAVCR2 is linked to myelodysplastic syndrome.