SOD1 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Nearly 5–10% of ALS patients carry genetic mutations, most commonly in chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 (C9orf72), superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), fused in sarcoma (FUS), and TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TARDBP), which are responsible for distinct pathological phenotypes [6, 7].