IFNB1 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: Furthermore, high expression of STAT1, STAT2, and IRF9 in breast cells significantly increase the expression of IFIT3 after IFNβ treatment [75], are all highly expressed in cells such as esophageal squamous cell carcinoma [76, 77] and that STAT2 could form a complex with IRF9 and bind to the IFN-stimulated gene regulatory element (ISRE) sequence on the IFIT3 promoter to promote IFIT3 transcription [78].