SPP1 and neoplasm: Zhang et al. identified the dichotomy of C1QC+ macrophages and SPP1+ macrophages in CRC, namely C1QC+ macrophages was reported to perform cytophagic and antigen-presenting function, whereas SPP1+ macrophages was reported to perform pro-angiogenic and tumor-promoting functions, and the patients with high SPP1+ and low C1QC+ macrophages signatures had the poor prognosis7.