His medical history included a papillary thyroid cancer treated with radiation therapy 8 years prior, untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia (Rai stage 0; 13q, CD38, and ZAP-70 negative) 17 years prior, and a current prostate-specific antigen (PSA) value of 9 ng/ml (normal <4 ng/ml). This evidence concerns the gene KLK3 and B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.