It is now clear that RAN-translated proteins were found in multi-microsatellites associated with neurological diseases, such as C9orf72 ALS/FTD, DM1, DM2, FXTAS, fragile X-associated primary ovarian insufficiency, fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy, HD, SCA8, SCA31, and SCA36. This evidence concerns the gene C9orf72 and fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome.