Similarly, Ji and coworkers noted amplification by PCR in 42% of Chinese LUSC patients.20, 21Furthermore, a study conducted by Best et al elucidated the synergistic interplay between the KEAP1/NRF2 and PI3K pathways, which contributes to the development of NSCLC with an altered immune microenvironment.51The researchers observed that NRF2 exhibits oncogenic activity downstream of the PI3K pathway. The gene discussed is PIK3CA; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.