We found that the percentage of OX40+ Tfh cells in T1DM was positively associated with the levels of GADA (P < .05) (Fig. 4A) but not with ZnT8A and ICA levels, suggesting that Tfh cells have a close relationship with GADA during the development of T1DM by OX40/OX40L signaling. The gene discussed is TNFRSF4; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.