CD4 + T-cells from RRMS patients had significantly increased expression of signalling kinases JAK3, TYK2, and ZAP70, transcription factors IKBKG, GATA3, and Foxp3, and cytokines/cytokine receptors (TGFB, IL2RG, IL4R, IL21R, and IL27RA), supporting an ongoing T-cell response [26] (Fig. 1D and Supplementary Fig. S2A). Here, IKBKG is linked to relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.