In addition, a distinct chemokine levels in the circulation was also identified in PR3-ANCA AAV according to organ involvement21, and a prognostic role of CCL18 in ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis has been also described22, with the disease activity status predicting potential of CCR8, CXCL2, CXCL13, CCL5, CCL20, CCL22 suggested in AAV24,26–29. This evidence concerns the gene CXCL2 and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis.