For example, the frequencies of circulating NK cells, CD4 + T cells, CD4 + T-cell subsets, CD8 + T cells, CD8 + T-cell subsets, PD1 + Ki-67 + CD8 + T cells and the TCR repertoire were found to be predictive of the outcome of anti-PD-1 treatment in NSCLC patients [35–40]. Here, CD4 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.