UCP1 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Marine algae and seaweed containing fucoxanthin have been reported to possess anti-obesity properties [16,18,19,20,21,62,63] by increasing fat oxidation through the upregulation of UCP1 expression in white adipose tissue [23,64,65], increasing lipolytic enzyme activity [20,66,67], and suppressing obesity-related inflammation [18,68,69,70].