P4HA3 was also significantly upregulated in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, with a functional role in the differentiation of adipocytes and insulin resistance [149], which is known to vary across race/ethnicity [150], so AA have a high risk for T2DM and insulin resistance [151]. This evidence concerns the gene P4HA3 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.