In light of the above, the aim of this study was to compare the concentrations of leptin, adiponectin, resistin, ghrelin, and IGF-I in colostrum samples collected from mothers with a hyperglycemic state of different severity levels, classified as GDM-G1 and GDM-G2, with a normal (non-GDM) group. Here, RETN is linked to gestational diabetes.