Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis results were strongly positive for CD1a, vimentin, S100 and E-cadherin in the membrane or cytoplasm of PHCs, supporting an LC phenotype.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Here, we present a rare pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis case in an African lion. This evidence concerns the gene VIM and Langerhans cell histiocytosis.