MMP9 and prostate carcinoma: In human prostate carcinoma LNCaP cells, EGCG induces anti-angiogenesis by suppressing the expression of VEGF, angiopoietin 1 and 2, etc., and increasing the level of TIMP1, in which angiopoietins (specifically, angiopoietin 1 and 2) are signaling proteins that exert a pivotal function in promoting angiogenesis to form fully developed blood vessels, while TIMP1 is seen as the tissue inhibitor of MMP-9 [194].