On the contrary, anti-inflammatory factors secreted by ‘M1’ phenotype microglia, such as IL-4 and IL-10, and inhibition of certain receptors, such as TREM2, PKM2, and NLRP3, aid in the restoration of learning and memory deficits in AD via various signaling pathways and mechanisms (Figure 1). This evidence concerns the gene TREM2 and Alzheimer disease.