In a study with 96 patients, including 58 with cirrhosis and 38 with early-stage HCC, the combination of LC-SPIK and AFP increased the AUC of the LC-SPIK test from 0.841 to 0.897, an increase of 0.056; for AFP, the AUC increased from 0.719 to 0.897, an increase of 0.178 (Table 5, LC-SPIK + AFP). The gene discussed is AFP; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.