Gu et al. [41] reported that GDF11 inhibits the apoptosis and proliferation of esophageal cancer cells, and Gerardo-Ramirez et al. [14] reported a significant decrease in cell migration in hepatocellular carcinoma cells treated with GDF11, accompanied by reduced proliferation as judged by Ki67 staining. Here, GDF11 is linked to esophageal cancer.