PCA3 and posterior cortical atrophy: To improve PSA performance, tools for PCa diagnosis and the identification of clinically significant PCa, such as the prostate health index (PHI, based on −2proPSA, the percentage of free PSA, and the total PSA), 4k score (total PSA, free PSA, intact PSA, and human kallikrein 2), and PCA3 (a prostate-specific mRNA biomarker) have been reported [8].