CCN4 and breast carcinoma: Redmond and colleagues have shown that TBX-2 acts as a tumor promoter in MCF-7 breast cancer cells by inhibiting NDRG1 expression and inducing proliferation; Chiang et al. have reported that NDRG1 suppresses the tumor promoter function of WISP1 by suppressing its effects on the proliferation and invasion of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells in vitro [42,46].