PTEN and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a transmembrane protein that influences the pathogenesis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by activating cellular signaling networks, such as the Ras/Raf/Mitogen-activated protein kinase/ERK kinase (MEK)/extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK), PI3K/PTEN/Akt/mTOR (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin), and Jak/STAT (Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription) pathways, leading to tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis [1].