Pre-PLaN (NCT06250829) is an exploratory translational study assessing host (fecal microbiome, immune cell subsets, and body composition) and tumor variables (PD-L1, TMB, radiomics, tumor microenvironment, in-depth tumor genetic analysis, and ctDNA), to predict response and toxicity to NA ICI-chemo in resectable NSCLC [85]. This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and neoplasm.