NFKB1 and cancer: In the study of Li and colleagues, conducted in EGFR-mutant lung cancer models with acquired resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), the biguanide inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, reversed or delayed the TKIs resistance, and repressed cancer cell stemness by inactivating ERK/NF-κB signaling in an AMPK-dependent way [117].