VEGFA and cervical cancer: With various risk factors such as human papillomavirus, sexual activity, oral contraceptives, immunosuppression, family history, and various molecular factors (including HOX, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, EGFR, PDGFR, VEGF genes) influencing cervical cancer progression and metastasis [34], a comprehensive understanding of genome variations and biological characteristics, set against the backdrop of environmental modifications, will enhance the accuracy of disease diagnosis and treatment.