The two cystatin C-derived equations (2012 CKD-EPI Cys-C and 2012 CKD-EPI Cr & Cys-C) gave the largest proportion of overestimated CKD categories compared to the 2006 MDRD and 2009 CKD-EPI Cr equations, with a maximum difference in the prevalence of decreased eGFR of 9.5%. Here, CST3 is linked to chronic kidney disease.