Those who are HBsAg positive with detectable DNA and ALT less than the upper limit of normal are treatment-eligible irrespective of HBeAg status or HBV DNA level if they have a family history of HCC or cirrhosis, are over 30 years, have advanced hepatic fibrosis or cirrhosis or have extrahepatic manifestations of chronic hepatitis B. This simplification in treatment guidelines is intended to expand treatment indications and increase the number of patients who receive antiviral therapy including those with HBeAg-negative chronic infection. The gene discussed is GPT; the disease is chronic hepatitis B virus infection.