ESR1 and breast carcinoma: Examples here include the estrogen receptors (ER) in breast cancer (BC), targeted with selective estrogen receptor degrader small molecules (SERDs), the androgen receptor (AR) in metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), targeted with selective androgen receptor degrader small molecules (SARDs), and kinases such as mtBRAF and BTK, targeted with both covalent and non-covalent inhibitors.