The mechanism behind the autoactivation is yet to be well understood; it is postulated that it may be due to the activation of autoreactive CD8+ T-cells against antigens within the beta-cell including proinsulin and pre-proinsulin antigen, tyrosine phosphatase-like insulinoma antigen, islet-specific glucose-6-phosphate protein, glutamic acid decarboxylase-65, zinc transporter protein 8, and islet amyloid polypeptide [12]. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is pancreatic insulinoma.