HIF-1α is abundantly present in colonic T cells of IBD patients and colitis mice, restricting Th1 and Th17 cells activity and differentiation, while fostering regulatory T cells (Treg) differentiation and interleukin-10 (IL-10) release, thereby promoting T cells homeostasis and reducing gut inflammation (102–105). This evidence concerns the gene HIF1A and inflammatory bowel disease.