IBD medications like tiliroside, targeting the HIF-1α/glycolysis pathway (114), and spermidine, which boosts HIF-1α via reactive oxygen species (ROS)-activated Adenosine 5’-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) to favor M2 polarization (115), work by adjusting the M1/M2 balance. The gene discussed is HIF1A; the disease is inflammatory bowel disease.