This study examined whether genetically manipulated overexpression of SOD1 improves the survival of transplanted stem cells and accelerates the improvement of ischemic stroke. NSCs genetically modified to overexpress or underexpress SOD1 were placed in the brain 2 days after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. Histological and behavioral tests were examined from day 0 to day 28 after stroke. The gene discussed is SOD1; the disease is Stroke.