In addition, a study including two cohorts of Brazilian children aged 8–14 years, with a discovery sample from Porto Alegre (N = 364) and a replication sample from Sao Paulo (N = 352), revealed an association between increased AD-PRS (including APOE) and detriment in non-declarative memory tasks performance in APOE ε3/ε3 carriers, suggesting that cognitive differences are not solely driven by the APOE ε4 allele [45]. The gene discussed is APOE; the disease is Alzheimer disease.