Key regulatory miRNAs and HUB genes, including miR-9-5p, miR-124, miR-23a-3p, Traf1, and Tnf, emerge as potential therapeutic targets for modulating immune responses and osteogenic processes in hydatid disease, offering new avenues for therapeutic interventions against this parasitic infection. The gene discussed is TRAF1; the disease is echinococcosis.