SNCA and Parkinson disease: Since the use of MPTP-treated NHPs in drug discovery is no longer useful for providing compelling evidence for efficacy and bearing in mind that PD mainly is a synucleinopathy, the field quickly moved toward the implementation of novel NHP models based on the use of adeno-associated viral vectors (AAVs) coding for either wild-type or mutated variants of the alpha-synuclein gene (SNCA, reviewed in Visanji et al., 2016; Koprich et al., 2017, Marmion and Kordower, 2018).