CD274 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: The PEARLS/Keynote091 trial (2022) was a randomized, phase III trial, that showed that patients with stage IB-IIIA resected NSCLC and any PD-L1 expression treated with up to 1 year (18 doses) of adjuvant pembrolizumab (200 mg every 3 weeks) after up to 4 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy had improved median DFS compared to placebo (58.7 vs. 34.9 months) with an estimated 18-month DFS rate of 73.8% (vs. 63.1% in the placebo group) (57).