NLRP3 and Cerebral ischemia: Furthermore, ginsenoside Rd exerts a protective effect on neurons after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, which is associated with upregulating the expression level of miR-139-5p, decreasing the expression levels of FoxO1 and Keap1, and activating the Nrf2 antioxidant signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting cell death induced by the ROS-TXNIP-NLRP3 inflammasome axis (Yao, 2022).