In 2022, Lin et al. identified a series of intestinal bacterial signatures (Mycobacterium-like, Braconella, and Enterococcus) to distinguish schistosomiasis from liver injury and showed for the first time a significant correlation with liver granulomas, fibrosis, hydroxyproline, alanine transaminase (ALT), or aspartate transaminase (AST) levels in S. japonicum infection, providing further evidence for a relationship between serological detection of schistosomiasis and levels of liver injury [84]. This evidence concerns the gene GPT and fibrosis.