PTPA and neoplasm: Both phosphatases have a reported function in cancer (Kauko et al, 2020; Vervoort et al, 2021; Zhang et al, 2023), with PP2A considered a tumor suppressor gene given its potential to modulate various cancer-related signaling pathways and thereby inhibiting tumor development (Arroyo and Hahn, 2005; Janssens and Goris, 2001; Junttila et al, 2007).