The cells of patients with AMeDS are hyper-sensitive to formaldehyde, and mice lacking both Adh5 and Aldh2 enzymatic activities show increased levels of formaldehyde in blood, indicating that the ADH5 and ALDH2 function to detoxify endogenous formaldehyde in a coordinated manner10,11. Here, ADH5 is linked to AMED syndrome, digenic.