To note, both of anti-Sm and anti-ribosomal P protein antibodies are highly specific diagnostic biomarkers of lupus and are currently used in clinical practice.11 Taken together, RP11-273G15.2 could reflect multiple aspects of patients with SLE, including IFN signalling status, disease activity, symptoms and autoantibody positivity. The gene discussed is IFNA1; the disease is systemic lupus erythematosus.