HLA-A and type 1 diabetes mellitus: T1D predisposing alleles include but are not limited to, A*02:01 (5, 8), HLA-A*24:02 (5, 6, 8, 9), B*39:01 (21, 22), HLA-B*39:06 (5, 7, 8), B*44:05 (5), while protective alleles are comprised of HLA-A*11:01 (5, 6, 8, 9), HLA-B*38:01 (6, 8), HLA-B*44:02 (5, 8), HLA-B*44:03 (5, 7, 8), and HLA-B*57:01 (5, 7, 8).