Although inflammation increased the cellular levels of antigen processing and presentation machinery (Supplementary Figure 2) (46), some neopeptides might be produced during the inflammation (47), and we observed increased surface levels of T1D-predisposing allotypes under inflammatory conditions, T1D-protective HLA-B allotypes remained inside the cell, indicating that T1D-predisposing allotypes are more likely than protective allotypes to present peptides to CD8+ T cells. This evidence concerns the gene CD8A and type 1 diabetes mellitus.