Our findings align with the recent discovery that prolonged exposure to L-BMAA in cetaceans, as evidenced by both epidemiological and biochemical observations, triggers distinct indicators of Alzheimer’s Disease (Aβ+ plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the hippocampus) and TDP-43 proteinopathy (TDP-43 cytoplasmic inclusions in cerebral cortex, midbrain and brainstem) (76). Here, TARDBP is linked to early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.