TERF1 and gastric cancer: Significantly, tRF-Glu-TTC-027 and tRF-Val-CAC-016 exert a potent inhibitory influence on the MAPK signaling pathway by targeting p38, impeding its phosphorylation and thereby incapacitating downstream factors such as p53, Bax, and c-Myc, consequently compromising the apoptotic potential of GC cells (Xu et al., 2021; Xu W. et al., 2022).