Similar kind of study has been performed in dogs where in order to encourage anti-tumor immunity in dogs with malignancies that are immune-responsive, the research has laid the path for the in-vivo evaluation of the first entirely canine, anti-canine CTLA-4 antibody [69], a brand-new CTLA-4 inhibitor based on nanobodies to treat cancer patients in dogs [70]. This evidence concerns the gene CTLA4 and cancer.