To determine the effect of α-synuclein on PINK1/parkin-dependent mitophagy in vivo, we transgenically expressed wild-type and 3 different PD-associated mutant (A30P, A53T, and E46K) forms of human α-synuclein in flight muscle of mito-Keima flies. The gene discussed is PRKN; the disease is Parkinson disease.