Polyphenolic compounds primarily modulate PD-L1 expression by inhibiting key signaling pathways (IFN-γ-induced STAT1, STAT3, JAK2/STAT1, EGFR/Akt, and NF-κB), potentially enhancing the immune system’s capacity to target and eradicate cancer cells [153]. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is cancer.