By modulating the expression of immune checkpoint molecules like CTLA-4 and PD-1 on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and PD-L1 on tumor cells, KD may enhance ICI-based therapy effectiveness [52] Ferrere et al. [53] study, on mice exhibiting enhanced responses to anti-PD-1 therapy when fed a KD, suggest that it may amplify the anticancer effects of PD-1 blockade, underscoring the impact of diet on the effectiveness of immunotherapy. The gene discussed is CTLA4; the disease is neoplasm.