Out of these, 118 procedures were excluded from the study due to missing information in patient records (n = 84), signs of infection (elevation of CRP levels and fever) before ERCP (n = 22), or occurrence of a complication other than infection after ERCP (eight cases due to clinical signs of pancreatitis, two cases due to bleeding, two cases due to suspected perforation of the bile ducts after dilatation therapy). The gene discussed is CRP; the disease is infection.