Additionally, treatment of HCC cells with NAC, an ROS scavenging agent, rescued the effects of CFZ on the protein expressions of ATF4, BiP, IRE1α, XBP1 and CHOP (Figure 5E), as well as the phosphorylation of p38 and JNK (Figure 5F). This evidence concerns the gene DDIT3 and hepatocellular carcinoma.